Consonants recognition and noise reduction for Arabic phonemes based Malay speakers / Ali Abd Almisreb

Arabic phonemes can be categorised into 28 consonants. The variations in each phoneme and vowel cause difficulties for the non-native Arabic speakers, particularly the Malay speakers, to pronounce these letters correctly. Hence, in this thesis, noise reduction and consonants recognition are conducted among the Malay speakers. The Malay race has been chosen due to the high usage of the Arabic language for reciting Al-Quran. Generally, the study is divided into two parts, namely, the study of noise reduction and consonant recognition. First, two noise removal methods were developed. The first method is based on combining Negative function with Gamma correction function. The second noise reduction method is addressed by utilising 2D Gabor filter. Furthermore, the consonant study was conducted based on Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) system concept. The ASR composes of feature extraction stage followed by speech recognition. On the other hand, the feature extraction was implemented by investigating three different methods, namely, Mel-Frequency Cepstrum Coefficients (MFCC), Linear Prediction Coefficients (LPC) and Perceptual Linear Prediction (PLP). Finally, the speech recognition process was conducted by utilising three methods: Dynamic Time Warping (DTW), Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Deep Neural Network (DNN). Experimental analysis and results showed that the proposed noise reduction methods have advantages over the traditional methods in terms of the consonant waveforms enhancement quality and the computational time as well. The MFCC has shown better performance compare to LPC and PLP as a feature extraction technique. Additionally, the comparison between DTW and ANN has proven that the ANN more suitable for Arabic consonant recognition. On the other hand, the joining of ANN and DTW has worked optimally as well. Lastly, the DNN are the most suitable methods for recognition process of Arabic consonants based on Malay speakers' usage

Bosnian Vowels Analysis Using Formant Frequencies

One way for analysis of vowels in any language is an analysis using formant frequency analysis. The Bosnian language has five vowels and those are a, e, i, o, u. The research was conducted in such a way that words with a minimum of two identical vowels per word were selected for each vowel. Several samples were then collected that recorded each of the words, and then those words were analyzed in PRAAT software. The total number of samples was 1050, twenty-one subjects were included, twelve females and nine males. Each of them recorded ten words for each of five vowels, therefore fifty words by each subject. The outcomes are based on related articles and dissertations, recognition, and analysis of vowels. Recognition was based on the statement, reading the literature, that each person has a narrow band of F4 formant values that should identify the person. And the analysis part was done by comparing formant values. Also, the work was based on gender differences for this analysis, as well as some other small observations, for example, the difference between native and other speakers of the Bosnian language

Predicting air pollution in Almaty city using Deep Learning Techniques

Nowadays, in the era of urbanization and the growth of the social welfare of the population, megacities such as Almaty suffers from environmental problems such as air pollution. Air pollution adversely affects people's health, which leads to various harmful diseases. By predicting Particle Matter 2.5 (PM2.5) according to data of pollution particles and physical parameters we will reveal the effectiveness of measures taken by local authorities to meet the standards of the safety threshold for living beings. The paper’s main goal is to create a predictive model for particle matter 2.5 using a 3-layered sequential neural network model and gain the highest accuracy to simulate the continuation of the ecological situation in the city. The proposed model consists of four stages: data collection (from 6 stations), data pre-processing by treating missing values we deleted them and data normalization with function MinMaxScaller, building 3-layered sequential neural network and model evaluation using Mean squared error (MSE) metric, supported with a platform - Colab notebook and implemented using Python language. Based on experimental results, the forecast was defined as reliable - the strength of the model was proved using the MSE evaluation metric and equals 1e-5

Methods and Applications of ChatGPT in Software Development: A Literature Review

This research paper explores the use of language models in software development that has gained significant attention in recent years. One of the most popular models is ChatGPT, a large language model trained by OpenAI. ChatGPT has been applied in some of the software development tasks, like programming Numerical methods, code generation, solving programming bugs, code completion and even in practicing for computer science exam. This paper presents a systematic review of the literature on the application of ChatGPT in software development. The review covers 12 studies that use ChatGPT in some fields of software development. We evaluate their results and the offering for the field. Overall, the findings of this review offer significant contributions to the current understanding and future direction of using ChatGPT in the domain of software development

Reliability and validity analysis of smartwatches use for healthcare

Examine the reliability and validity of smartwatches measuring heart rate and Blood Pressure. Methods: Eighty-eight healthy participant is recruited to be measured heart rate and Blood Pressure. the reliability and validity were determined by comparing the smart-watches with the home standard Blood Pressure using mean differences, Bland Altman plot, Interclass correlation (ICC) and Cronbach's alpha. Results: the reliability varied with ICC ranging from 0.533 to 0.852. Two smartwatches showed relatively weak ICC and broad limits of agreement of the Bland–Altman plots at both, heart rate and Blood Pressure Measurement. For heart rate measurement, F1 Smartband Bracelet Watch showed slightly better results than Y2 Plus Smart Wrist Band. conversely, Y2 Plus Smart Wrist Band demonstrated the best accuracy at Systolic measurement. And for Diastolic Blood Pressure was relatively the same in the reliability and validity. Conclusion: reliability and validity of smartwatches use, especially for healthcare still less of accuracy for the clinical standard because the icc was lower tha

Exploring Medical Breakthroughs: A Systematic Review of ChatGPT Applications in Healthcare

ChatGPT, a large language model developed by OpenAI, has emerged as a powerful tool in the field of medicine. In this systematic review, we explore the potential of ChatGPT in various medical applications by analyzing articles related to medicine and healthcare. We carefully examined the methodologies, results, and conclusions of these articles to provide a comprehensive overview of the current evidence on the use of ChatGPT in the field of medicine. Through this review, we highlight how ChatGPT has been utilized to streamline and simplify complex tasks, improve patient care, enhance clinical decision-making, and facilitate communication among healthcare professionals. We also discuss the challenges and limitations of using ChatGPT in medicine, including concerns related to privacy, ethical considerations, and potential biases. Despite these challenges, ChatGPT has shown great promise in transforming the landscape of medicine and has the potential to revolutionize healthcare delivery. By synthesizing the findings from these articles, we aim to provide a critical and evidence-based evaluation of the current state of ChatGPT in medicine, and to identify areas for further research and development

THE EFFECTS OF VIDEO GAMES ON SCHOOL ACHIEVEMENT IN PRIMARY EDUCATION BASED ON SARAJEVO CITY: A DATA SCIENCE CASE STUDY

Video games are in recent years a big part of our daily life, especially for young people, and for most of them they have a very important role in their life. The video game industry and video games development are growing every day, and especially in the last period with Covid-19 pandemic and lockdown lot of people find comfort and spend their free time playing games, most of the consumers of the video games are young people or to be precise kids. The idea is to show and investigate the linking effects of video games to school achievement in primary education. Or to be precise by data analysis and data mining the aim is to investigate and show the results of the analysis. that are collected. Datapoints are collected from several elementary schools that are participating in this investigation. Data exploration and analysis consisted of exploring the most important features, relations between different features in order to better understand the data that we are dealing with. All analyses in this thesis are done in R programing language and RStudio as IDE

An acoustic investigation of Arabic vowels pronounced by Malay speakers

AbstractIn Malaysia, Arabic language is spoken, and commonly used among the Malays. Malays use Arabic in their daily life, such as during performing worship. Hence, in this paper, some of the Arabic vowels attributes are investigated, analyzed and initial findings are presented based on tokens articulated by Malay speakers as we can consider the spoken Arabic by Malays as one of the Arabic dialects. It is known that in Arabic language there are 28 consonants and 6 main vowels. Firstly, the duration, variability, and overlapping attributes are highlighted based on syllables of Consonant–Vowel with each syllable representing every Arabic consonant with the corresponding vowels. Next, the dispersion of each vowel is examined to be compared with each other along with the variability among vowels that may cause overlapping between vowels in the vowel-space. Results showed that the vowel overlapping occurred between short vowels and their long counterpart vowels. Furthermore, an investigation of the Arabic vowel duration is addressed as well, and duration analysis for all the vowels is discussed, followed by the analysis for each vowel separately. In addition, a comparison between long and short vowels is presented as well as comparison between high and low vowel is carried out

DoS and DDoS vulnerability of IoT: A review

Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm became particularly popular in the last couple of years in such a way that the devices are present in almost every home across the globe. Using cheap components one can connect any device to the internet and enable information collecting from the environment, making everyday life a lot easier. Even though it does bring multiple advantages to the table, at the same time it brings certain challenges and vulnerabilities that need to be addressed. In this paper we focus on Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) and Denial of Service (DoS) attacks and we provide a review of the current architecture of Internet of Things which is prone to these

Review of the Effectiveness of UV-C for Disinfection of High Touch Objects

General wellbeing dangers like bioterrorism, multi-and unnecessary medication safe tuberculosis, pandemic flu, and outrageous intense respiratory problem have heightened attempts to use environmental measures to deter infection spread that is entirely or partly airborne. UV germicidal irradiation (UVGI) is one such control that has gained renewed recognition following quite a while of under-implementation and negligence. With renewed interest, however, come new concerns, especially about effectiveness and protection. Proof shows that the condition of the patient care system has a significant effect on the risk of hospital acquired infections among hospitalized patients. The new launch of its use for surface decontamination has piqued the attention of medical facilities. Nonetheless, the worldwide scattering of the novel Covid-19 (SARS-CoV-2) brought about a shortage of filtering facepiece respirators (FFR) among medical services experts. This has raised the issue of whether FFRs can be safely sanitized for reuse without endangering primary strength or viability by utilizing UV light. There is a long history of studies reasoning that, when utilized appropriately, UVGI can be both sound and successful in sanitizing surfaces, keeping away from the spread of various airborne microorganisms